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In Tamil Nadu, a separate Highways Department (HD) was established on April, 1946 and the same has been renamed as Highways & Minor Ports Department (HMPD) on 30 October 2008.[1] HMPD of Tamil Nadu is primarily responsible for construction and maintenance of roads including national highways, state highways and major district roads in Tamil Nadu. It operates through 7 wings namely National Highways Wing,Construction & Maintenance Wing, NABARD and Rural Roads Wing, Projects Wing, Metro Wing, Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Wing, Investigation and Designs Wing geographically spread across the state in 31 districts with about 120 divisions and 450 subdivisions.[2]
As on 30 March 2010, Tamil Nadu's road network has a total road length of 1,99,040 km.[3] Tamil Nadu has about 14257 km of Highways network which is designated as National Highways and State Highways on the basis of traffic intensity and connectivity. The various types of roads and their lengths are given below:
Upgrade, resettlement, and repair work on rural roads, district roads, and state highways are undertaken by the Tamil Nadu Road Sector Project Wing of HMPD along with NHAI with the loan assistance of World Bank. On 17 June 2003, World Bank's regular lending arm, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development has sanctioned US $ 348 million loan for road enhancement works in Tamil Nadu.[5]
Road stretches which have heavy traffic intensity of more than 30,000 Passenger Car Units (PCUs) connecting different state capitals, major ports, large industrial areas and tourist centers are designated / declared as National Highway by government of India.[6] In Tamil Nadu, ‘’National Highways Wing’’ of Highways & Minor Ports Department was established in the year 1971 to look after the works of improving, maintaining and renewing of National Highways laid down by National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).[7] National Highways wing exercises central government funds from Ministry of Road Transport and Highways for improvement works. Out of 25 National Highways in Tamil Nadu, 12 NH's runs inside the Tamil Nadu. NH 47, NH 49, NH 208, NH 220 connects Tamil Nadu with Kerala. NH 67, NH 207, NH 209 connects Tamil Nadu with Karnataka. NH 205, NH 219 and NH 234 connects Tamil Nadu with Andhra Pradesh. NH 4 connects Chennai city in Tamil Nadu with Maharashtra, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. NH 5 connects Chennai city in Tamil Nadu with Orissa and Andhra Pradesh. NH 7 connects Tamil Nadu with Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka. 'NH 66 connects Tamil Nadu with Karnataka and Puducherry. National Highways plying through Tamil Nadu are listed below in the table:[8]
national highway 532/532 cudalore-vriddhachalam-chinnaselam road -
Road stretches with heavy traffic intensity of more than 10,000 PCUs but less than 30,000 PCUs which connects district headquarters, important towns and the National Highways in the State and neighboring States are declared as State Highways. Construction & Maintenance wing of Highways Department looks after Construction, Maintenance of all the State Highways (SH), Major District Roads (MDR), Other District Roads (ODR). Tamil Nadu State Highways Network has 7 circles namely Chennai, Coimbatore, Salem, Trichy, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu.[9]
List of State highways in Tamil Nadu as on October 2013.[10]
List of State Highways Urban Stretches in Tamil Nadu on 2013.[11]
Roads with traffic density less than 10,000 PCUs but more than 5,000 PCUs are designated as Major District Roads. Major District Roads (MDR) provides linkage between production and marketing centres within a district. It also provides connectivity for District & Taluk headquarters with State highways and National Highways. Construction & Maintenance wing of Highways Department executes construction and maintenance of MDR along with State Highways & ODR. These roads have a minimum width of 15 meters.
Erode, Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore district, Bhavani River
Tamil Nadu, Highways of Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, Madurai, Thanjavur
Highways of Tamil Nadu, Sulur, Coimbatore, Chera dynasty, Madukkarai
Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli, Namakkal district, Tiruchirappalli district, %s%s
Tamil Nadu, Tindivanam, Marakkanam, Villupuram district, India